1.) Animal with a segmented body- A segmented body is a body that is made up of three different sections, whether they be individual and separate sections or connected and together. The three sections include the head, thorax and abdomen. The dragonfly above is an example of an insect with a segmented body that is all connected, unlike an ant which is more separated. Dragonflies are considered Arthropods.
2.) A pollinator- Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another. Therefore a pollinator is an organism that moves the pollen from plant to plant in order for the plants to germinate.
3.) Predation- an interaction between species in which one species, the predator, eats the other, the prey. In trying to take a picture of a butterfly pollinating a flower, I instead witnessed a praying mantis attack and eat a butterfly. This is an example of predation where the praying mantis, the predator, eats the butterfly, the prey.
4.) K-strategist- K-strategists are species that have few and large offspring. They live full and long lives and often reproduce more than once. These species nurture and care for their young. The population size is stable. My cat, Amber, is an example of a K-strategist. If she were to have a litter she could reproduce more than once and care for her young.
5.) Amniotic egg- an egg that which contains extraembryonic membranes that protect the embryo. The eggs my chickens lay are amniotic eggs. They contain anmiotic fluid and other amniote based materials, such as the yolk. Each of the fluids and layers of the egg are specially designed to protect the embryo.
6.) Ruminant- an animal with an elaborate, multicompartmentalized stomach specialized for a herbivorous diet. The cows I attempted to take a picture of have a four-compartment stomach in which the animal chews and rechews its food. This is also known as ruminating. Ruminating helps break down the cellulose inside plants.
7.) Detritivore- a consumer that derives its energy from nonliving organic material. These worms are examples of detritivores because they get their energy from eating the organic material found in soil. They help decompose matter by consuming detritus. Detritus is non-living particulate organic material.
8.) Angiosperm- a flowering plant, which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called and ovary. An apple contains seeds inside an ovary within the core making it an angiosperm.
9.) Anther and filament or stamen- The anther is the pollen containing part of a flower that is held up by the filament. The brown tips of the flower in the image above are the anthers and what are holding them up are the filaments. Together, the filaments and anthers make up what is called a stamen.
10.) Heterotroph- an organism that obtains organic food molecules by feeds on eating other organisms or their by-products. My dog, Cooper, obtains his energy by eating other organisms. This makes him a heterotroph.
11.) Redox reaction- a chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called an oxidation-reduction reaction. Rusting is a common redox reaction. This is a picture of a 1934 ford that has rusted over time.
12.) Bilateral symmetry- a body form with a central longitudinal plane that divides the body into two equal but opposite halves. This flower shown above can be cut in half the long way and have two identical, opposite sides.
13.) Gymnosperm- a vascular plant that bears naked seeds. This pine cone is an example of a gymnosperm because the pine cone isn't enclosed or protected in any way. The seeds are exposed.
14.) Flower ovary- the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop. Attached to the style, the ovary is what contains what will become the seeds when fertilized by pollen. In this picture the stigma in the middle of the flower leads down to the ovary inside the plant.
15.) Autotroph- An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. This flower uses photosynthesis, making energy using sunlight. It doesn't obtain nutrients from consuming other organisms making an autotroph. The flower is able to make its own food.
16.) Stigma and style of carpel- The style is the stalk of a flower's carpel. The flower ovary is found at the base of the style and the stigma at the top. The stigma is sticky and traps pollen grain. Together, the stigma, style and ovary make up the carpel. The purple tube in the middle of this flower is the style and stigma.
17.) Population- A group of the same biological species that reside in a specific area. There is a population of ants that live in the sandbox in my backyard.
18.) R-Strategist- Short lived species that reproduce many offspring at once early in life. Spiders are R-strategists because they reproduce in abundant amounts, their offspring have high mortality rates and there's little to no parental care.
19.) Cambium- The cambium is a thin layer of meristematic tissue that lays between phloem (inner bark) and xylem (wood).
20.) Lichen- Lichen is a type of fungus in symbiotic union with algae and has a greenish, gray, yellow, brown, or blackish thallus that grows off of rocks and trees in a leaf-like and crusted form.
21.) Hydrophobic- Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets of water. The leaf of this plant is hydrophobic and lets the water slide off instead of letting the water in.
22.) Endotherm- An animal, such as a bird or mammal, that uses metabolic heat to regulate body temperature. My chicken is an endotherm because she creates her own heat to maintain homeostasis.
23.) Adaptation of a plant- Certain types of plants have thorns. Thorns are sharp wood-like projections on plants. Plants adapted thorns protect them against animals that may try to eat it's leaves, berries, or other foods provided by plants.
24.) Exoskeleton- A hard case encasement on the surface of an animal, such as the shell of a mollusc or the cuticle of an arthropod, that provides protection and points of attachment for muscles. A horseshoe crap is an arthropod that molts its exoskeleton.
25.) Cellular respiration- The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel. Every organism that doesn't make its own food executes cellular respiration. This Seagull preforms cellular respiration.
26.) Chitin- Chitin is a structural polysaccharide of an amino sugar found in many fungi and the exoskeleton of all arthropods. This is the exoskeleton of a cicada which is an arthopod and, therefore, it contains chitin.
28.) Cuticle layer of a plant- A waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that as an adaptation to prevent desiccation in terrestrial plant. This leaf has a cuticle layer to protect it.
29.) C4 plant- A plant in which the CO2 is first fixed into a compound containing four carbon atoms before entering the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. Corn is an example of a C4 plant.
30.) Dominant vs.recessive phenotype- A phenotype is the physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup. Dominant phenotype are more numerous in populations and passed down through dominant alleles. The ability to roll your tongue is passed down through dominant. Recessive phenotypes are found less in populations and are passed down by recessive alleles. If you can't roll your tongue, you have the recessive gene for tongue rolling.
